![]() However, in some cases, recovered animals sustain subclinical infections that are not microscopically visible ( Rahmani-Varmale, Tavassoli & Esmaeilnejad, 2019). Malignant theileriosis in cattle and or sheep has been recorded in Turkey ( Sayin et al., 1997), Iran ( Hashemi-Fesharki, 1997), Iraq ( Latif, Hewa & Bakir, 1977), Saudi Arabia ( El-Metenawy, 1999 Hussein et al., 1991), and Oman ( Tageldin et al., 2005).Īcute-phase theileriosis is traditionally identified using Giemsa-stained thin blood smears and clinical signs ( Zakkyeh et al., 2012). ovis, and T. recondite are less pathogenic and cause subclinical diseases in sheep and goats ( Ahmed, 2006). luwenshuni, and T. uilenbergi are highly pathogenic ( Schnittger et al., 2000), while T. separata, T. associated with ovine theileriosis Theileria lestoquardi, T. The clinical signs of theileriosis include anemia, icterus, enlargement of superficial lymph nodes, and hemoglobinuria, which ultimately result in death and loss of production ( Hassan, Raoofi & Lotfollahzadah, 2015). Similar diseases were later reported in various regions of China ( Guo et al., 2002), Northern Spain ( Nagore et al., 2004), Iran ( Razmi et al., 2006), Pakistan ( Durrani et al., 2011), Turkey ( Altay, Dumanli & Aktas, 2012), and Ethiopia ( Gebrekidan et al., 2014). In 1914, ovine theileriosis was first reported in Egypt in Sudanese sheep ( Littlewood, 1957). Theileriosis in small ruminants is caused by protozoa from the genus Theileria transmitted by ixodid ticks of the genera Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, Amblyomma, and Haemaphysalis ( Mamatha et al., 2017). This hemoprotozoan infection is caused by the genera Theileria and Babesia ( Mehlhorn & Schein, 1985) and has been reported in studies of small ruminants in Saudi Arabia ( Al-Khalifa et al., 2009 El-Azazy, El-Metenawy & Wassef, 2001 Ghandour, Tahir & Shalaby, 1989 Hussein et al., 1991 Mostafa & Saad, 2014). ![]() Ticks are regarded as key transmitting agents in tropical and subtropical regions for ruminant piroplasmosis ( Brites-Neto, Duarte & Martins, 2015). Tick-borne diseases are a major cause of inefficiency ( Alanazi et al., 2019). However, successful livestock production is hampered by a variety of factors, such as mismanagement, infestation by ectoparasites, contagious infectious diseases, and nutritional deficiencies ( Tomley & Shirley, 2009). In developing countries, sheep and goats are important livestock species. in sheep and goats from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using molecular techniques. Cite this article Metwally DM, Alajmi R, Alsulami MN, Al-Turaiki IM, Abdel-Gaber R, Alkhuriji AF, Albohiri HH, Mohamed K, Baghdadi HB, El-Khadragy MF, Isaias GT, El-Ashram S. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. ![]() Licence This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. 13 College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China DOI 10.7717/peerj.12596 Published Accepted Received Academic Editor Bishoy Kamel Subject Areas Bioinformatics, Parasitology, Veterinary Medicine, Zoology Keywords Theileria spp., Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 18S rRNA Copyright © 2021 Metwally et al.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |